From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The
cinema of India consists of films produced across
India, which includes the cinematic culture of
Andhra Pradesh,
Assam,
Gujarat,
Haryana,
Jammu and Kashmir,
Karnataka,
Kerala,
Maharashtra,
Orissa,
Punjab,
Tamil Nadu, and
West Bengal. Indian films came to be followed throughout
South Asia and the
Middle East. The cinema as a medium gained popularity in the country as many as 1,000 films in various
languages of India were produced annually.
[1] Expatriates in countries such as the
United Kingdom and the
United States continue to give rise to international audiences for Indian films of various languages.
In the 20th century, Indian cinema, along with the
Hollywood and
Chinese film industries, became a global enterprise.
[2] At the end of 2010 it was reported that in terms of annual film output, India ranks first, followed by
Hollywood and China.
[3] Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product, altering the manner in which content reached the target audience, as per regional tastes.
[2] Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened.
[4]
The country also participated in international film festivals, especially
Satyajit Ray,
Mrinal Sen,
Ritwik Ghatak,
G. Aravindan [5] Adoor Gopalakrishnan and
Mani Ratnam[4] Indian filmmakers such as
Shekhar Kapur,
Mira Nair,
Deepa Mehta,
Nagesh Kukunoor found success overseas.
[6] The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe.
[7] Sivaji Ganesan, and
S. V. Ranga Rao won their respective first international award for Best Actor held at Afro-Asian Film Festival in Cairo and Indonesian Film Festival in Jakarta for the films
Veerapandiya Kattabomman and
Narthanasala in 1959 and 1963.
[8][9]
India is the world's largest producer of films.
[10][11] In 2009, India produced a total of 2961 films on celluloid, that include a staggering figure of 1288 feature films.
[12] The provision of 100% foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as
20th Century Fox,
Sony Pictures,
Walt Disney Pictures[13][14] and
Warner Bros.
[15] Indian enterprises such as
Zee,
UTV,
Suresh Productions,
Adlabs and Sun Network's
Sun Pictures also participated in producing and distributing films.
[15] Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India.
[15] By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the
National Stock Exchange of India, making the commercial presence of the medium felt.
[15]
The
Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through mediums such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible.
[16] These earnings, accounting for some 12% of the revenue generated by a mainstream film, contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema, the net worth of which was found to be
US$1.3 billion in 2000.
[17] Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator, with the music rights alone accounting for 4–5% of the net revenues generated by a film in India.
[17]
